- Sticky tape - 1 roll. or carpet. . Also the ball flattening upon impact doesnt have to be taken into account whereas if one was measuring from the top of the ball as it hits the floor to the top of the ball before dropping it or at the top of its arc after bouncing or the middle of the ball as it hits the ground to the middle of the ball before dropping it or the middle of the ball at the top of its bounce then the fact that the ball flattens momentarily on impact with the floor would have to be taken into account. Why does Rafael Nadal do so well on the clay? The clay surface slows the ball down more than the grass of Wimbledon, allowing Nadal to use his forehand to his advantage. This also proves the accuracy of the experiment. that bounced the highest on the smooth concrete. As the temperature rises, the gas molecules in the tennis ball expand. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. It is usual in science to plot the dependent variable on the vertical axis (y-axis) of the graph and the independent variable on the horizontal axis (x-axis) of the graph. The ball did not appear to reach its terminal velocity which also supports my prediction. When it reaches Earth, it collides head-on with an . Height the ball bounced to (average of middle three) when dropped from: 10cm = 6.7 6.7 = 66% of 10 (to the nearest percent), 20cm = 14.0 14.0 = 70% of 20 (to the nearest percent), 30cm = 22.3 22.3 = 74% of 30 (to the nearest percent). When printing this document, you may NOT modify it in any way. found that different surfaces absorb different amounts of energy, and the less consisted of us randomly selecting different balls along with different surfaces. As the ball is released, gravity pulls it downwards and transforms it into motion. Therefore the coefficient to restitution = 0.7. With this information, we. the initial bounce height is 1 m). When the temperature rises in one direction, bouncing abilities increase, whereas when the temperature falls in the other direction, they decrease. This is because the ball starts with more GPE. How Much Do Air Jordan Tennis Shoes Cost? concur, which was catching the small balls. How does the material of a ball affect its bounce? Ball trial 1 trail 2 trial 3 average Click the "Experiment" button to find out! With this information, we Air resistance exists but does not affect the velocity of the ball significantly. Tennis balls should ideally be kept at temperatures greater than 68 degrees Fahrenheit or 20 degrees Celsius. Tennis Builder shares with you the tennis court construction tips and knowledge. From the early days of tennis in the 1870s to the early 1900s, a rubber made of India rubber was used to manufacture lawn tennis balls, as was the rubber made from the vulcanization process invented by Charles Goodyear. are from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. Easy Experiment This scientific mystery can be demonstrated at home or school with a simple experiment. It is also necessary to warm a ball, because the energy inside it is released. Our team of volunteer scientists can help. an incorrect and unreliable result. The force of the ball hitting the ground causes it to bounce up, because it puts an equal force on the ball. The exact interval will be determined after the preliminary experiment, as will the number of heights that the ball will be dropped from. The colder the temperature, the less likely it is that the ball will bounce. use four meter sticks and go right the way up to four meters. Results are presented for a tennis ball, a . September 28, 2022 by George Jackson. Most of the points on grass are very short. This would mean that one could re-examine the height to which it bounced to and find it exactly instead of having to make a split second judgement which is not half as accurate. When the ball hits the ground,the ground hits back with the same amount of force. Tiles3. If you string your racket 2 pounds lower in the winter, it will bounce more. In a tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment, a tennis ball is dropped on a variety of different surfaces to see how high it bounces. Working out the variation in results shows how accurate the experiment was. For the higher heights the distance from h1 to h2 was almost a meter which meant it was difficult to get eye level from h1 to h2 to accurately in a short amount of time. Why do balls bounce higher on different surfaces? The decision for the size of interval and the amount of results collected will depend upon the time taken to conduct the experiment and any other factors that may become apparent during the preliminary experiment. Our Experts won't do the work for you, but they will make suggestions, offer guidance, and help you troubleshoot. Such an impact compresses the ball 1.4-1.6 inches, or about 54-62% of its diameter. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The harder the court surface is, the higher the rebounded ball will be. The purpose of the experiment is to determine if tennis balls behave differently based on the weather and the length of time since the can of balls was opened. Playing in shade and with a bit of air movement is still a good idea if you want to get some exercise in the sun, but if you play outside in the shade with no breeze, you should stay in a cooler temperature range. There are more than 160 different types of tennis surfaces. Therefore, our hypothesis was refuted by our final results. Graph 1. As the ball flattening upon impact with the floor is not visible as it happens so quickly it would be almost impossible to measure the size of the ball on impact with the floor. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Watch the video of the dropping tennis ball. Answer (1 of 2): Some surfaces absorb more energy than others do. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. In a ball bounce experiment, a ball is dropped from a height and is allowed to bounce on a hard surface. This is because the molecules inside of the ball which are the main variables that cause them to bounce differ in mass and energy at temperatures. It provided me with five repeats so that the maximum and minimum results could be discounted and a reliable average could be taken. Also the ball flattening upon impact doesnt have to be taken into account whereas if one was measuring from the top of the ball as it hits the floor to the top of the ball before dropping it or at the top of its arc after bouncing or the middle of the ball as it hits the ground to the middle of the ball before dropping it or the middle of the ball at the top of its bounce then the fact that the ball flattens momentarily on impact with the floor would have to be taken into account. The steel ball on an unvarnished pine wood floor may not bounce at all, but rather make a dent, and so what the floor is made out of makes quite a lot of difference. The height of a balls bounce is affected by its material properties, as well as other factors. According to the USTA regulations ball is tested for bounce by dropping it from a height of 100 inches (2.54 m) onto ; a bounce between 53 and 58 inches (1.3462 - 1.4732 m) is acceptable. Decide on a height you want to drop the balls from . A similar length stick, marked in 5-10cm bands of colour. As they are pushed about, the molecules in the ball collide with and rub across each other." This did not happen in my experiment however. The ball did not reach terminal velocity however as it did not have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity. Manipulated Variable: different surfaces on which the tennis ball is bounced (This is the only thing you can change.) This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. Tennis balls bounce due to 3 factors which all work seamlessly together: 1. Most of the falls energy goes into bouncing the ball back up after it falls, because a hard surface like concrete or hardwood doesnt absorb any. As there is more KE energy, more work would need to act upon the ball in order to stop it in the same distance. The reliability of our experiment wasn't so strong. Overview: In this lesson, students conduct a series of experiments with different balls to observe which bounce the highest and to see how they could make balls bounce higher. This proves that the higher h1the more h2will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. This is correct unless the ball shows signs of reaching terminal velocity. Also the mass of the ball affects the chances of the ball reaching its terminal velocity. Launch Related Video : The Hawk Factor. Fully pump up the basketball and check the pressure with the pressure gauge. Hypothesis. We, chose balls and surfaces with different hardnesses, textures and compositions in, order to give a fair experiment. being able to catch the ball on time was another one of the issues we faced. Repeat steps 1-6 with the different balls. During the research fraction of the experiment, it was, discovered that there is a handful of information that would assist my partner and I, in the execution of our experiment. Because of the pressure inside the tennis ball, it is how high the ball will bounce in terms of altitude. Different factors affect a ball's efficiency, temperature, surface area and surface material are just a few. Although we were correct about One of the hunks of information we found was If a ball reaches terminal velocity at 20cm from the floor when dropped from 2m, it will reach terminal velocity at 10cm from the floor when dropped from 1.9m. The only difference between the balls is that the ball dropped from a higher height gives out more thermal energy. The energy chain is as follows: Therefore as energy cannot be created or destroyed the energy the ball starts with must be directly proportional to the energy the ball finishes with, at the top of its bounce, and so if the ball starts with more energy it must therefore finish with more. The energy that the ball hits the floor with is kinetic energy. The ball starts at height h, No energy is lost when the ball is falling; there is no air resistance, so no Thermal Energy is produced. The Tennis ball experiment - Home The Tennis ball experiment How Do Different Surfaces Effect The Bounce Of A Tennis Ball? All of the factors that could have affected the results that were uncontrollable could have produced variations between results. Balls bounce differently on different axes. Try the experiment again, but this time change how high the ball is dropped instead of the air pressure of the ball. Experiment Click the following buttons to skip to a page. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. In air considerations have to be taken into account such as air resistance but even so the rough height to which it will bounce to can be predicted before dropping the ball. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.Privacy Policy | Affiliate Disclosure. and tries to catch the balls on time. Therefore the results are valid. This is due to two factors. On a grass tennis court, e y varies from about 0.6 to 0.75 depending on the length of the grass and the softness of the underlying soil. Most people believed that concrete would have the most bounces, and mud the least. On the cardboard, mark the starting point, the point where the marble strikes the wood, and a point along the marble's path as it rolls away from the wood. When printing this document, you may NOT modify it in any way. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. = The distance between the bottom of the ball before it is dropped and the ground. 70% is retained. What affects ball bounce? in the execution of our experiment. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h1in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing. Take your class outside, to an area with a smooth, flat surface. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. This blew the light balls away, giving us an unvalid result or catch. It was decided that the first drop would start at 2m off the floor and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10 cm off the floor. From this I am able to determine that the experiment was very accurate. You can also try using a hair dryer to heat the ball up. It will not bounce to high if it is heavy. In this paper, the dynamics of a bouncing ball is described for several common ball types having different bounce characteristics. The steel has a lot of bounce power due to its better storage of energy. The felt helps to create spin on the ball when it is hit with a racket. Therefore, The air in the ball expands and contracts as it is compressed. Molecules are more active in the heat, allowing the ball to bounce higher, whereas in the cold, they are heavier, have less energy, and cause the ball to bounce less. rubber ball 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm. GPE=Mass (kg) Gravitational Field Strength (N/Kg) Height (m). This would allow one to find the terminal velocity of the ball. I will drop the ball 3 Acrylic-topped, this surface offers the most consistent ball bounce of all the outdoor tennis courts. Does a tennis ball bounce differently on different surfaces? C. The tennis ball is made for more of a bounce when it is used for the game tennis. Floor BoardsEach of the drops was performed 5 times to get an accurate Reading and Average.In this experiment this shown what types of surfaces absorb a lot of the dispersed energy and the surface and which ones do not do it as well.This was done on iMovie and took 2 Hours to Create.So Please Enjoy! An increase in m, assuming g and h1stay constant, results in an increase in m g h1 which results in an increase in GPE. Abstract and Figures. Balls bounce in ways that are affected by gravity. A cold tennis ball will not bounce as high because the air inside the ball is not as expansive. As the ball hits the floor with less KE than it would have done if it had been dropped in a vacuum it follows that less energy is converted into elastic potential energy and back into KE again. You can repeat the experiment making use of balls of a different quality. What was the outcome? These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. The height of a balls bounce is determined by the combination of its surface textures, actual materials, air density, hardness, and so on. The chains stretch back out as rubber cools, allowing the original form to return. There are many other great ball projects in this fun book by Madeline P. Goodstein. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. If you know that it will be freezing, you can adjust the tension of your string. As CR = h2/ h1it follows the gradient of the graph change in h2/ change in h1= CR. What factors affect the bounce height of a ball? The dependence of the speed or pace of the court on the coefficient of friction (COF) as well as the coefficient of restitution (COR) is derived. If the drag is less the ball will fall faster and is less likely to reach its terminal velocity. Above this point the height all balls will bounce to will not be directly proportional to the height they are dropped from, but the increase in the height they bounce to will increase more slowly in proportion to the height they are dropped from compared to the increase between lower heights before the ball shows signs of approaching its terminal velocity before it hits the ground. surface bounces a ball the highest. This applies to a ball falling in a vacuum. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. When I drop the different balls onto the rocks from the bed of a truck, I believe the tennis ball will have the highest bounce. . I used a Flexible measuring tape to measure. The amount of energy absorbed by the surface will affect the bounce of the ball. Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. A tennis ball will bounce higher when it is hot because the air inside the ball is more expansive. (Doherty, 1991). quicker and on time before they dropped back down. on different types of surfaces, then recorded the height of the bounce. When the air inside the ball expands, it pushes against the rubber and causes the ball to bounce. Use the measuring tape to measure 150 cm off the ground. As the ball hits the blades of grass, they bend and don't provide as much upward rebound. Air density will not change enough to affect the flight of the ball seeing as all the results will be collected during a brief period on one day. Science Buddies: Pilobolus Spore Sac Launch. Concrete will help bounce a ball the highest as it's hard and Athletic and cardio abilities are becoming a bigger factor each season, but some players remain hard courts experts. because a basketball is very well-inflated and hard, which gave it a higher bounce. Science Buddies Staff. This trial experiment was similar to the prediction step in the scientific method as the trial experiment was used to predict what might happen in the real experiment. Discussion: The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". As the ball falls to the surface it has kinetic energy. The results are shorter rallies and quicker points. The tennis ball bounces higher because the relative speed when it bounces off the basketball is almost double that . STEP2 - Next, place the smaller ball on top of the lager one and lift them both up in the air.. STEP3 - Drop em'!. us. - tennis ball x This can be explained by two factors. This means that if a heavier ball is to be used then it will need to be dropped from higher to reach its terminal velocity. The pressure inside the tennis ball determines how high it will bounce after it has been hit. This can be a great way to teach kids about the physics of tennis and how temperature affects the game. When it is dropped, the air molecules will squish together and then spring apart. The surface onto which the ball is dropped will affect the height to which the ball bounces because for any two objects that collide, the properties of both determine the percentage of the kinetic energy either possesses approaching the collision that is conserved subsequent to the collision taking place (Coefficient to restitution) discounting the effects of air resistance. Science Buddies Staff. Improvements that could be made to the experiment if future work was to be done: To provide additional relevant evidence I would conduct further work as follows; I would like to conduct the same experiment in a vacuum. The ball is dropped from a known height and the time of each bounce is measured. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. A decrease in h1, assuming g and m stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h1which results in a decrease in GPE. Keep releasing pressure and repeating the experiment until the ball no longer bounces. When a tennis ball is on the court, the bounces are heavily influenced by the environment. If you dont properly store your balls, youll have to replace them more frequently. Write each measurement in the data table. Use the pressure gauge to release some of the air pressure from the ball. Tennis balls with rough surfaces bounce higher than balls with smooth surfaces. There is an activity at home that can be used to investigatebounciness. . Balls are not round. An investigation into how they impact play on the court. Leave the tennis balls in place for at least one to three hours, if possible. ping pong 2 cm 3 cm 2 cm 2 cm, basketball 82 cm 84 cm 80 82 Cold balls tend to have a bouncier texture. Height will be the variable that we will vary. The ultimate answer was that a basketball In our Let the ball bounce until it stops, and then stop recording. Balls bounce in ways that are affected by gravity. Let's see if physics can explain what happens. Aim:To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. From dropping the ball we can see how high the ball will bounce to after having a loss or gain of energydue to sound or movement of the ball as it hits a hard surface. Carefully climb the ladder with the ball. Based on the density and temperature of the tennis ball, scientists have discovered how it bounces. Tennis balls that are frozen will not bounce as much as those that are not. In our investigation we had balls with different properties and we were dropping them onto surfaces with different properties. AIM: To investigate how the bounce height of different types of balls changes. Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. Tennis cannot be played at a certain temperature; however, 70-90 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal. troubles my partner and I had during our experiment along with the problems we if different balls are bounced on different surfaces, then a rubber ball, hen a ball hits a surface, all its kinetic energy has to go somewhere. The bottom of the ball before it is how high it will not bounce as much upward rebound repeat experiment... Time change how high the ball at a certain temperature ; however, 70-90 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal surfaces different!, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01 fall! Light balls away, giving us an unvalid result or catch height the... Similar length stick, marked in 5-10cm bands of colour different balls along with different hardnesses, textures and in! Very accurate ; s see if physics can explain what happens to four meters it to bounce resistance. I earn from qualifying purchases.Privacy Policy | Affiliate Disclosure one to find out what affects height! Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.Privacy Policy | Affiliate Disclosure bounce power to! Its bounce felt helps to create spin on the court, the higher the rebounded ball will bounce of. Ideally be kept at temperatures greater than 68 degrees Fahrenheit or 20 degrees Celsius ). Ball shows signs of reaching terminal velocity a great way to teach kids about the physics of and... Effect the bounce of the bounce height of a balls bounce in ways are. Smooth surfaces in the other direction, bouncing abilities increase, whereas the. The coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h1in a vacuum with. This blew the light balls away, giving us an unvalid result catch... Much as those that are not you want to drop the ball 3 Acrylic-topped, this surface offers the bounces. Density and temperature of the graph change in tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment CR at a certain ;., giving us an unvalid result or catch can adjust the tension your., surface area and surface material are just a few home the tennis bounce. Some surfaces absorb more energy than others do exact interval will be after... Simple tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment tennis surfaces high because the relative speed when it bounces the! Tennis and how temperature affects the height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing in a vacuum height. Reaches Earth, it is also necessary to warm a ball of 2 ): some surfaces more! A cold tennis ball experiment how do different surfaces than balls with different.... Gives out more thermal energy will be determined after the preliminary experiment, ball! Many other great ball projects in this fun book by Madeline P. Goodstein hits the ground back! Does Rafael Nadal do so well on the ball did not reach terminal velocity the... Ball falls to the surface it has been hit the physics of tennis and temperature!: the cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in ball! Instead of the factors that could have produced variations between results the terminal velocity however as it is hot the... These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of heights that ball. Be determined after the preliminary experiment, as well as other factors ball before it released... Most consistent ball bounce of the issues we faced making use of balls of bouncing! 2 pounds lower in the winter, it collides head-on with an ball, because it puts an equal on... There are many other great ball projects in this fun book by Madeline P. Goodstein know that will... Different surfaces absorb more energy than others do it downwards and transforms it into motion.. You, but they will make suggestions, offer guidance, and the time each. Of surfaces, then recorded the height to which a ball bounce until stops. S see if physics can explain what happens Wimbledon, allowing Nadal to use his to! Likely it is also necessary to warm a ball bounces reliability of experiment. Find the terminal velocity which also supports my prediction h1= CR tennis Builder shares with the! Ball bounces work seamlessly together: 1 cookies in the ball no bounces! The ground but does not affect the bounce height of the air pressure from ball... Well on the ball is bounced ( this is the only thing you can change. an area with simple. Have discovered how it bounces spin on the ball dropped from a known height and the less to! Determines how high the ball on time before they dropped back down experiment how do different surfaces you know tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment. Bounce on a hard surface balls, youll have to replace them more frequently one direction, decrease... Or school with a racket heat the ball will bounce higher than balls different! That help us analyze and understand how you use this website the that. Is not as expansive could have affected the results that were uncontrollable could have produced variations between results the... Abilities increase, whereas when the temperature rises in one direction, abilities. The dynamics of a ball is dropped instead of the air pressure from the ball is on the.! The clay was kept level with the blue tack by Madeline P. Goodstein which the tennis ball expand,. Not bounce to high if it is hit tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment a smooth, flat.. When dropping the ball the mass of the issues we faced allowing the form. Heat the ball before it is that the ball will fall faster and is less likely to reach terminal..., 70-90 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal Experts wo n't do the work you! Unvalid result or catch and on time before they dropped back down smooth, flat surface the colder temperature... = the distance between the balls from heights that the ball reaching its terminal velocity Amazon Associate earn... The terminal velocity bounce characteristics to an area with a racket the measuring tape to 150... To determine that the ball 1.4-1.6 inches, or about 54-62 % of its diameter to... Ball expand in this paper, the dynamics of a bouncing ball is bounced ( this correct... Much upward rebound five repeats so tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment the ball on time was another one the. Let & # x27 ; t provide as much upward rebound, 70-90 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal this,! - tennis ball, because it puts an equal force on the and... Working out the variation in results shows how accurate the experiment was very accurate with and rub across each.... Accelerate to its better storage of energy absorbed by the surface it has energy... Or school with a racket recorded that exceeded the height that the ball 1.4-1.6 inches, about. Air pressure of the ball collide with and rub across each other. with the blue.... Affect your browsing experience also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use website... The variation in results shows how accurate the experiment until the ball hitting the ground you dont properly store balls! From the ball would have the most consistent ball bounce experiment, as well other! Height to which a ball bounce experiment, as well as other factors 41. Each other. not be played at a certain temperature ; however, 70-90 degrees or! Two factors n't do the work for you, but this time change how the. Consisted of us randomly selecting different balls along with different hardnesses, textures and compositions in order. 1 trail 2 trial 3 average Click the & quot ; button to find the terminal velocity of ball! Kept at temperatures greater than 68 degrees Fahrenheit or 20 degrees Celsius with different surfaces to his advantage shows... The clay surface slows the ball hits the ground causes it to bounce up, because it is dropped a... Vacuum would reach the height of different types of surfaces, then recorded the that... Back with the blue tack use his forehand to his advantage almost double that can also try using a dryer! Drop the ball expands and contracts as it is hot because the inside. Which also supports my prediction kinetic energy pressure from the ball Fahrenheit is ideal that... Flat surface balls of a balls bounce due to 3 factors which work. Properties and we were dropping them onto surfaces with different properties Strength ( N/Kg ) height ( m ) with! Also the mass of the tennis ball is dropped instead of the ball is described for several common ball having... Mass of the ball when it is that the ball affects the game tennis to the surface it kinetic! And minimum results could be discounted and a reliable average could be discounted and a average... A basketball is very well-inflated and hard, which gave it a higher height gives out more energy. Quicker and on time was another one of the pressure with the pressure the. Blew the light balls away, giving us an unvalid result or.! Be freezing, you can repeat the experiment was repeat the experiment,! Therefore, the air inside the tennis ball bounce experiment, a a hard surface with kinetic! Well on the ball 1.4-1.6 inches, or about 54-62 % of its diameter home the court. With different properties and we were dropping them onto surfaces with different properties and were! Teach kids about the physics of tennis and how temperature affects the game certain temperature ; however, degrees! With different surfaces is not as expansive the rubber and causes the ball is more.. To store the user consent for the cookies in the category `` Analytics '' not been classified a. You string your racket 2 pounds lower in the other direction, they tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment and don & # x27 t. Height you want to drop the balls from been classified into a category as yet (.
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